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The twenty secondary afflictions
(upaklesha, nye nyon)
This division of mental factors is the twenty secondary afflictions, so-
called because they are close to, or portions of the root afflictions.
- belligerence (krodha, khro ba)
- resentment (upanaha, ‘khon ‘dzin)
- concealment (mraksha, ‘chab pa)
- spite (pradasha, ‘tshig pa)
- jealousy (irshya, phrag dog)
- miserliness (matsarya, ser sna)
- deceit (maya, sgyu)
- dissimulation (shathya, g.yo)
- haughtiness (mada, rgyags pa)
- harmfulness (vihimsa, rnam par ‘tshe ba)
- non-shame (ahrikya, ngo tsha med pa)
- non-embarrassment (anapatrapya, khrel med pa)
- lethargy (styana, rmugs pa)
- excitement (auddhatya, rgod pa)
- non-faith (ashraddhya, ma dad pa)
- laziness (kausidya, le lo)
- non-conscientiousness (pramada, bag med pa)
- forgetfulness (mushitasmrtita, brjed nges pa)
- non-introspection (asamprajanya, shes bzhin ma yin pa)
- distraction (vikshepa, rnam par g.yeng ba)
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